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1.Climate as a Public Interest in Planning and Zoning
2.Characteristics and Forms of the Urban Climate
3.Energy-Conscious Planning and Zoning
4.Methods of Information Acquisition for Planning (Measurements, Wind Tunnels, Numerical Modelling)
4.1Measurements
4.1.1Stationary Measurements
4.1.2Measurements with mobile measurement devices
4.1.3Tracer Experiments
4.1.4Vertical Soundings
4.2Wind Tunnel
4.2.1Overview
4.2.2Operation and Investigation Methods
4.2.2.1Visualization of flows and pollutant dispersion by smoke
4.2.2.2Wind Velocity Measurements
4.2.2.3Measurement of Concentration Distribution in Dispersal Experiments
4.2.3Locations of Wind Tunnels
4.3Numerical Modelling of Flow and Transport Processes
4.3.1The Wind Field Model DIWIMO
4.3.2The Cold-Air Flow Model KALM and KLAM 21
4.3.3The Model STREET for Estimating Traffic-Produced Pollution
4.3.4The Model MLuS-02 for Calculating Pollutant Dispersal
on Roads Without Dense Peripheral Development
4.3.5The Model PROKAS for Calculating Air Pollution on Roads
4.3.6The Micro-Scale Model MISKAM
4.3.7Mesoscale Terrain Climatic Models
4.3.8The Urban Climate Models RayMan , ENVI-met and MUKLIMO_3
5.Climatic and Air Hygiene Maps as Aids for Planning and Zoning (Example: Climate Atlas Federation Region Stuttgart)
6.Recommendations for Planning
7.Bibliography
8.Thematic Websites
Imprint
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METHODS OF INFORMATION ACQUISITION FOR PLANNING (MEASUREMENTS, WIND TUNNELS, NUMERICAL MODELLING)
   
 4.3.7 Mesoscale Terrain Climatic Models

Mesoscale models give only a strongly parameterised representation of development structures (e.g. on porosity like in FITNAH; GROSS, 1991). Microscale models, in contrast, present details of the individual buildings and allow for an examination of processes at individual buildings or even parts of buildings. Mesoscale models are mainly used for the description of regional wind conditions caused by the topographic and thermal situation. The generated wind field can then be used to calculate the dispersion. For the representation of topographic processes changing in the course of the day, it is inevitable to run the prognostic models over a particular simulation period, in this case mostly 24 hours and more. This allows for a numerical simulation of the various physical properties of the structures comprised in the model and their impacts on the mesoclimate. Examples for mesoscale models in the field of topographic and urban climatology are: FITNAH (GROSS, 1991) and METRAS (SCHLÜNZEN, 1998, 1990).

Under the authority of the Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) the working group „METCON Umweltmeteorologische Beratung/Ingenieurbüro Rau" calculated synthetic wind statistics in a 500-m-resolution for Baden-Württemberg by using METRAS-PC. The wind statistics are designed for problems in the field of immission protection (TA Luft) but a usage in ohter applications (e.g. urban planning) is possible. The LUBW offers the wind statistics under:
http://udo.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/public/