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1.
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Climate as a Public Interest in Planning
and Zoning
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2.
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Characteristics and
Forms of the Urban Climate
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2.1 |
Overview
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2.2
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Urban Heat Budget
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2.3
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Heat Islands
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2.4
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Humidity / Precipitation / Vegetation
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2.5
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Wind |
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2.6
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Bioclimate |
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2.7
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Air Exchange
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2.8
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Pollutant Emissions
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2.8.1
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The Road as Pollutant Source
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2.8.2
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The Automobile as Pollutant Source
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2.8.3
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Computational Estimation of Traffic
Immissions
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2.9
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Pollutant Levels and Threshold
Values
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2.10
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Smog
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2.11
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Effect of Pollutants
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2.12
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Global Aspects of Climate (Think
Global, Act Local)
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3.
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Energy-Conscious Planning and Zoning
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3.1
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Overview
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3.2
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The Sun as Energy Source
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3.2.1
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Global Radiation
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3.2.2
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Solar geometry
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3.2.3
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Aids for the Study of Sunlight
Conditions
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3.2.4
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Daytime Lighting
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3.3
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Air Temperature as Influence on
Energy-Conscious Planning
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3.3.1
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Characteristic Values for Describing
Thermal Levels
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3.3.2
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Local Climate Criteria
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3.4
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Wind as Influence on
Energy-Conscious Planning
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3.4.1
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Wind Statistics
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3.4.2
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Consequences of Wind Statistics
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3.4.3
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Increase in Wind Velocity with
Height
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4.
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Methods of Information Acquisition for Planning
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(Nature measurements, Wind tunnels,
Modelling)
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4.1
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Measurements
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4.1.1
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Stationary Measurements
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4.1.2
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Mobile Measurements
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4.1.3
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Tracer Experiments
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4.1.4
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Vertical Soundings
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4.2
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The Wind Tunnel as a Tool for
Planning
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4.2.1
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Overview
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4.2.2
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The Wind Tunnel as Study Method
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4.2.2.1
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Visualizing Air Flows with Smoke
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4.2.2.2
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Visualizing the Dispersal of
Pollutants with Smoke |
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4.2.2.3
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Wind Velocity Measurements through
Sand Erosion
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4.2.2.4
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Quantitative Survey of Airflow via
Hot-Wire Anemometer |
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4.2.2.5
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Measurement of Concentration
Distribution in Dispersal Experiments |
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4.2.3
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Example Use – Wind Comfort
Scenario
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4.2.3.1
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Problem Definition
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4.2.3.2
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Methods
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4.2.3.3
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Planning-Relevant Results
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4.2.4
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Example Use – Small-Scale
Dispersal (Tunnel Ventilation) Scenario
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4.2.4.1
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Problem Definition
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4.2.4.2
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Methods
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4.2.4.3
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Relevant Results for Planning
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4.2.5
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Example Use – Ventilation Scenario
(Expansion of an Earth Dump)
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4.2.5.1
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Problem Definition
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4.2.5.2
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Methods
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4.2.5.3
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Relevant Results for Planning
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4.2.6
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Locations of Wind Tunnels
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4.3.
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Numerical Modeling as Planning Aid
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4.3.1
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The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) as
Aid for Climatic Questions in Planning
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4.3.2
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The Wind Field Model DIWIMO
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4.3.3
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The Cold-Air Flow Model KALM
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4.3.4
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The Micro-Scale Model MISKAM
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4.3.5
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The Model STREET for Estimating
Traffic-Produced Pollution |
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4.3.6
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The Model MLuS-92 for Calculating
Pollutant Dispersal on Roads Without Dense Peripheral
Development |
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4.3.7
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The Model PROKAS for Calculating Air
Pollution on Roads
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5.
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Climatic and Air Hygiene Maps as
Aids for Planning and Zoning (Example: Climate Atlas of the
Stuttgart Regional Federation)
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5.1
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Introduction
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5.2
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Infrared Thermography
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5.3
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Meteorological Base Maps
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5.4
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Air-Hygienic Maps
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5.5
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Climate Analysis Maps
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5.6
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Maps with Recommendations for Planning
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6.
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Recommendations for Planning
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6.1
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Preservation and Acquisition of
Green Space
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6.1.1
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Landscape and Open-Space Control
Plan
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6.1.2
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Benchmarks for Describing
"Green" Uses
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6.1.3
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Avoidance of Soil Capping; Green
Spaces and Water
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6.1.4 |
Roof Greening |
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6.1.5 |
Façade Greening |
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6.2 |
Securing the Local Air Exchange |
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6.2.1 |
Cold Air Production |
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6.2.2 |
Fresh Air Supply |
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6.2.3 |
Green Corridors |
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6.2.4 |
Advantageous Forms of Development |
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6.3 |
Measures for Air Pollution Control |
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6.3.1 |
Industrial and Commercial Areas |
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6.3.2 |
Home Heating |
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6.3.3 |
Traffic |
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6.4 |
Planning-Related Urban Climate Studies |
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7. |
Literature |
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8. |
Thematic Internet Addresses
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Imprint |
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Download |
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