The production of such maps requires the
technically-measured collection of individual parameters with
map-scale representation as well as calculated simulation with
statistical regression models (GERTH, 1986) or macro-scale
models (FIEDLER, 1991).
The more meaningful and convincing is the
representation of climatic and air-hygienic phenomena, the
greater is the chance they will be adequately addressed in the
planning process.
The example of the Climate Atlas produced by
the Stuttgart Regional Federation for the territory of the
federation and the bordering parts of the Middle Neckar Region
(NACHBAR- SCHAFTSVERBAND STUTTGART, 1992) shows how the concerns
of climate and air can be incorporated into cartographic
representations for land-use planning.
In the context of the collection of basic data,
two infrared aerial images were taken of the entire study area.
In addition, for one year the German Weather Service carried out
an extensive ground measuring program (of temperature, humidity,
and wind) and produced cartographic representations of various
climatic elements from the collected data. Air-hygienic
information was incorporated from the emissions registers, from
the data of the immissions registers for the Stuttgart region,
and from the air measurement stations of the state measurement
network.
The study results are summarized and depicted
in analysis maps of 1:20,000 scale (which corresponds to that of
land-use plans). As an additional step, evaluated maps were
produced with climatic and air-hygienic recommendations for
planning.
The goal of the planning recommendations is
first and foremost to motivate the planner towards a stronger
consideration of climatic criteria (BECKROEGE, 1990). As such, a
planning project should incorporate the standards of the "Planning
Recommendations" map.
If a clear climatic compatibility is not
prescribed, planners and politicians must objectively weigh
environmental compatibility with other concerns. In principle,
this weighing can have the consequences that the planning is not
pursued further, that the climatic and air-hygienic concerns are
ignored (increasingly difficult today), or that the planning is
modified to avoid negative climatic and air-hygienic effects as
far as possible. In this last case, detailed appraisals are
usually necessary.
