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Methods of Information Acquisition
for Planning (Nature measurements, Wind tunnels, Modelling) |
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4.3.5 The
Model STREET for Estimating Traffic-Produced Pollution
On the basis of the model MISKAM, the screening model STREET (PFEIFER et al., 1996; VDI 3782, Section 8) was developed for the Environmental Ministry of Baden-Württemberg for simple estimations of emissions produced by traffic. Annual average values and 98-percentiles of pollutants are calculated from traffic densities, the reference year of vehicle production, the type of driving, the category of road, the type of existing pollution, and the meteorological parameters of wind direction and average wind velocity. The specific flow and dispersal conditions of the road categories under consideration were simulated in detail with MISKAM and provided as basis data. The model can also be used for street crossings and mergings. The road categories give equal consideration to built and unbuilt areas. The screening model is used particularly to determine whether the limit values of the 22rd Federal Emissions Law (BImSchV) are being met. According to an 8 July 1997 decree (GABI No. 11 from 27.8.1997; p. 452) from the Ministry for Environment and Traffic regarding the execution of the BImSchV in Baden-Württemberg (handing instructions for the reporting of concentration values), the STREET model is to be used to determine whether heightened concentrations are present. The model has also been released in a user-friendly Windows version. Figure 4/38 shows the Windows user interface for an example calculation using the STREET model. The reference year 1998 was chosen, with 35,000 vehicles/day (ca. 5% trucks). The calculation was made for a crossing area with dense development with urban levels of background pollution. |
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